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OKhere.net 你来我网-考研社区 作者： 2005-4-30 15:11:58 双博士 | |
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Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers in ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points).
Text1建议用时：15分钟From:To:
①It is all very well to blame traffic jams,the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again,to have a tiger in the back, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog,the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception the role.Perhaps the situation calls for a Be Kind to Other Drivers'campaign,otherwise it may get completely out of hand.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior.On the other hand,a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring.A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today.②Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However,misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic,when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway;or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
A veteran driver,whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams once at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper.Unfortunately,modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship.Years ago the experts warned us that the car-owner-ship explosion would demand a lot more give and take from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
1.According to this passage,troubles on the road are primarily caused by.
A.people's attitude towards the road-hog
B.the rhythm of modern life
C.the behavior of the driver
D.traffic conditions
2.The sentence "You might tolerate the odd road-hog…the rule."(Para. 1)implies that.
A.our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists
B.rude drivers can be met only occasionally
C.the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hog
D.nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists
3.By "good sense" the writer means.
A.the driver's ability to understand and react reasonably
B.the driver's prompt response to difficult and severe conditions
C.the driver's tolerance of rude or even savage behavior
D.the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations
4.Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-owner-ship explosion.
A.road users should make more sacrifice
B.drivers should be ready to yield to each other
C.drivers should have more communication among themselves
D.drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others
5.In the writer's opinion,.
A.strict traffic regulations are badly needed
B.drivers should apply road politeness properly
C.rude drivers should be punished
D.drivers should avoid traffic jams
Text2建议用时：15分钟From:To:
①My parents′ house had an attic,the darkest and strangest part of the building,reachable only by placing a stepladder beneath the trapdoor,and filled with unidentifiable articles too important to be thrown out with the trash but no longer suitable to have at hand.This mysterious space was the memory of the place.After many years all the things deposited in it became,one by one,lost to consciousness.But they were still there,we knew,safely and comfortably stored in the tissues of the house.
These days most of us live in smaller,more modern houses or in apartments,and attics have vanished.Even the deep closets in which we used to pile things up for temporary forgetting are rarely designed into new homes.Everything now is out in the open,openly acknowledged and displayed,and whenever we grow tired of a memory,an old chair,a trunkful of old letters,they are cast into the dump for burning.
This has seemed a healthier way to live,except maybe for the smoke-everything out to be looked at,nothing strange hidden under the roof,nothing forgotten because of no place left in impenetrable darkness to forget.Openness is the new lifestyle,no undisclosed belongings,no private secrets.Candor is the rule in architecture.The house is a machine for living,and what kind of machine would hide away its wornout,deserted parts?
②But it is in our nature as human beings to clutter,and we long for places set aside,reserved for storage.We tend to accumulate and outgrow possessions at the same time,and it is an endlessly discomforting mental task to keep sorting out the ones to get rid of.We might,we think,remember them later and find a use for them,and if they are gone for good,off to the dump,this is a source of nervousness.I think it may be one of the reasons we drum our fingers so much these days.
We might take a lesson here from what has been learned about our brains in this century.We thought we discovered,first off,the attic,although its existence has been mentioned from time to time by all the people we used to call great writers.What we really found was the trapdoor and stepladder,and off we clambered,shining flashlights into the corners,vacuuming the dust out of bureau drawers,puzzling over the names of objects,tossing them down to the floor below,and finally paying around fifty dollars an hour to have them cast away for burning.
6Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
AThe attic of the author′s parents were used to store trash.
BThe author enjoys the openness of the new life style.
CPeople have uncovered all the secrets about the human brains.
DIt is human nature to set aside and restore old things for memory.
7What does the author want to express by comparing the house to a machine?(Paragraph 3)
AThe author appreciates the convenience of the modern house.
BThe author dislikes the extreme openness of the new lifestyle.
CThe author thinks the modern candor is the proper rule in architecture.
DThe author suggests that the house stands for a healthier way to live.
8According to the third paragraph,what′s the rule in architecture?
Aautomatic.Bsophistication.Copenness.Dimmensity.
9What can we infer from the passage?
APeople should not throw out old things to avoid nervousness.
BIt is not necessary to spend so much money studying the brain.
CModern buildings should be constructed with the desired attics.
DThere should be an "attic" to store our important feelings and memories.
10Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
AThe Attic of the Brain.BThe Modern Lifestyle.
COne Nature of Human Beings.DThe Attic of My Parents′ House.
Text3建议用时：15分钟From:To:
More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial insitutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his purpose can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It′s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a growing recommendation from his former employers.
Of course, we have no statistics on crime that go undetected. But it′s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
For example, a certain keypunch operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch were for dishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the company that was being robbed.
①Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits.
All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. ②They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled the most confidential records right under the noses of the company′s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.
11It is implied in the third paragraph that .
A. most computer criminals who are caught have only to have only to blame their bad lunch
B. the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem
C. most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes
D. many more computer crimes go undetected than those discovered
12Which of the following is mentioned in the passage？
A. A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.
B. Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes.
C. Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.
D. Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information
13What may happen to computer criminals once they are set free without being charged？
A. With a bad reputation they can hardly find other jobs.
B. They may walk away and easily find another jobs.
B. They will be denied access to confidential records.
D. They must leave the country or go to jail.
14The passage is mainly about .
A. why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment
B. why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections
C. how computer criminals manage to get good recommendations from their former employers
D. why computer crimes can′t be eliminated
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