(一)重点复习思路
1. 通读，成竹在胸。
完形填空题是一种综合性的试题。它测试考生的逻辑思维、推理判断的能力，掌握词汇用法的程度，语感语流的熟谙等。因此，看到考题后不要被某一个空白处所吸引和纠缠，而要通读一遍。通读中，不要管空白处，只管抓住关键词往下看，边看边捕捉全篇的中心意思。关键词主要是指句子的主语和谓语动词。承上启下的过渡连词也很重要。首先要有信心，相信自己能看懂文章的大概。要充分发挥想像力，构思出文章内容的轮廓。了解了文章的大概内容，填起空来就不会太吃力。只要成竹在胸，枝叶、结节、根须便会墨到画成。
请看下例，看一看通读后，文章的轮廓能勾画出多少。我们把这样通读后的大意用汉语写在题下。
Manpower Inc., with 560, 000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people1 1 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay. One day at a time. 2 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 3 reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming .
4 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of parttimers and temporary workers. This “ 5 ” work force is the most important 6 in American business today, and it is 7 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 8 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 9 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 10 that came from being a loyal employee.
1.［A］swarm ［B］stride ［C］separate ［D］slip
2.［A］For ［B］Because ［C］As ［D］Since
3.［A］from ［B］in ［C］on ［D］by
4.［A］Even though ［B］Now that ［C］If only ［D］Provided that
5.［A］durable ［B］disposable［C］available ［D］transferable
6.［A］approach ［B］flow ［C］fashion ［D］trend
7.［A］instantly ［B］reversely ［C］fundamentally ［D］sufficiently
8.［A］but ［B］while ［C］and ［D］whereas
9.［A］imposed ［B］restricted［C］illustrated ［D］confined
10.［A］excitement ［B］conviction［C］enthusiasm ［D］importance通读题文后的梗概：
拥有56万人的人力公司是世界上最大的临时工提供机构。每天早晨，该公司的人到美国的许多工厂和办公室寻求干一天活儿付一天钱的工作。一次干一天。通用汽车公司和国际商业机器公司等工业界的巨头在竭力减少雇员人数以维系其经营，而基地设在威斯康星Milwaukee的该人力公司却生意兴隆。
美国的经济在复苏，然而却在不断变成一个雇用临时工的国家。这样一种劳动大军是今天美国生意经营中最重要的，它正在改变人和其工作的关系。这种现象为公司提供了一种方式，要保持全球竞争不变，避免市场循环和劳动法、健康费和养老金给公司造成的日益增长的重负。对工人来说，这意味着保险、福利没有了，对雇主尽忠尽职的观念也没有了。
这篇梗概中虽然有的语句并不太通顺，但无妨大局。我们已经明白了：这种提供临时工的公司很兴隆，及这种现象对各方面产生的影响。从而为我们下一步再读、正确选项打下了一个基础。
有了这个基础，第二遍边读边选时就会对文章内容有了更深刻、更准确的了解。
第三遍是检查复核。
［参考答案］
1.［A］2.［C］3.［D］4.［A］5.［B］6.［D］7.［C］8.［B］9.［A］10.［D］
这篇短文的完整译文如下，供对照参考。
“人力股份有限公司”拥有56万工人，是世界上提供临时工的最大公司。每天早晨，该公司提供的临时工涌向美国的办公机构和工厂，找一份干一天活儿付一天钱的工作，一次一天。当工业巨头，如通用汽车公司和国际商业机器公司，用裁减雇员的办法得以维持下去的时候，基地设在威斯康星州美尔沃基的人力公司却生意兴隆。
尽管美国的经济在继续复苏，但是正在日益变成一个业余打工者和临时工的国度。这种“随用随丢”使用劳动力是当今美国产业用人的最重要的趋势，正在从根本上改变着人和工作之间的关系。这种现象为各产业公司提供了一种经营模式：继续保持进行全球竞争，同时避开了市场的盛衰循环和劳动法、医疗费用和养老金施加的越来越沉重的负担。对工人来说，这意味着保险、福利没有了，对雇主忠心耿耿的重要性也完结了。
2. 第一句话很重要，提纲挈领。
为避免考生一见题就堕入烟雾，完形填空题的设计者都会尽量不在第一句话里设计空白处。在以后的空白处中，大部分与第一句话有关，有的甚至有直接关系。
文章开篇第一句常常是全篇的主题句。我们要充分利用这一特点，抓住主题句，提纲挈领，开一个好头儿，如英语谚语所说：Well begun is half done。
从第一句话中，我们一般能知道文章所谈论事情的：
A．发生的时间 C. 发生的环境
B．发生的地点 D．主要人物
F．规模大小 H．性质特点
G. 范围 I. 大致发展趋势和归属
E. 参与人物的身份、特征、心境、装束、数量、职业等
J．有关的论点和主张
以上10点是历年完形填空题第一句话特点的总结。具体到某一篇完形填空题可能只具有其中的一点或几点。
示例1：
On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or 1 she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and 2 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed 3 , she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour 4 . She liked best: looking in furniture shop windows.
One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 5 without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped 6 before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said, “This fine chair is yours 7 less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eightynine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... 8 , she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it!A voice at her shoulder made her 9 . “Can I help you, Madam?” She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10 .
“Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”
“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.”
Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly.
1.［A］so ［B］more ［C］else ［D］another
2.［A］taking ［B］making ［C］fixing ［D］keeping
3.［A］buy ［B］bought ［C］buying ［D］to have bought
4.［A］in a way ［B］by the way ［C］in the way［D］on the way
5.［A］behind ［B］round ［C］back ［D］on
6.［A］doubted ［B］wondered ［C］ puzzled ［D］delighted
7.［A］at ［B］for ［C］with ［D］in
8.［A］Why ［B］When ［C］How ［D］What
9.［A］jump ［B］leap ［C］laugh ［D］wonder
10.［A］place ［B］back ［C］side ［D］front
［参考答案］
1.［A］2.［D］3.［B］4.［C］5.［B］6.［D］7.［B］8.［A］9.［A］10.［C］示例2：
One day drought may be a thing of the past at least in coastal cities. Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first time 1 and provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.
By the end of this century this may not be mere 2 . Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic. In these regions there are vast icecaps formed by snow that has fallen over the past 50,000 years. Layer 3 layer of deep snow means that, when melted, the snow water would be pure, not salty as seaice would be. There is so much 4 pure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland. And what useful packages would come in ? It should be possible to cut off a bit of ice and transport it! Alternatively perhaps a passing iceberg could be 5 . They are always breaking away from the main caps and floating around, pushed by currents, until they eventually melt and are wasted.
Many icebergs are, of course, far too small to be towed 6 distance, and would melt before they reached a country that needed them anywhere. It would be necessary to locate one that was 7 and that was big enough to provide a good supply of ice when it reached us. Engineers think that an iceberg up to seven miles long and one and a half miles wide could be transported if the tug pulling it was as big as a supertanker! Even then they would cover only twenty miles every day. However, 8 the iceberg was at its destination, more than 7,000 million cubic meters of water could be taken from it! That would probably be more than enough for any medium-sized city even in the hottest summer! But no doubt a use could be found for it.
9 , scientists say, there would not be too much wastage in such a journey. The larger the iceberg, the slower it melts, even if it is towed through the tropics. This is because when the sun has a bigger area to warm 10 , less heat actually gets into the iceberg. The vast frozen centre would be unaffected.
1．［A］come to life ［B］come into existence ［C］come into activity ［D］come round
2.［A］ speculation［B］imagination［C］computation ［D］expectation
3.［A］ above ［B］of ［C］upon ［D］over
4.［A］ essential ［B］potential ［C］claimable ［D］obtainable
5.［A］ seized ［B］snatched ［C］grabbed ［D］captured
6.［A］ much ［B］any ［C］some ［D］certain
7.［A］ manageable［B］manipulative［C］operable ［D］controllable
8.［A］ after ［B］while ［C］since ［D］once
9.［A］ Apparently［B］Noticeably ［C］Distinctly ［D］Notably
10.［A］ round ［B］over ［ C］up ［D］through
[参考答案]
1.［A］2.［A］3.［C］4.［B］5.［D］6.［B］7.［A］8.［D］9.［A］10.［C］3. 最后一句很重要，画龙点睛。
如同第一句话不设计空白处一样，最后一句话一般也不设计空白。最后一句往往是：
A．故事发展的结果 D．主要的影响或后果
B．陈述事件的结论 E. 点睛扣题
C．启发性的提示 F．全篇文章的概括
写文章讲究首尾呼应，前后连贯，英语、汉语一个样。明白了这一点，就可以根据文章的开头和结尾，在某种程度上推知文章的来龙去脉。结尾和开头都是正确理解全篇文章不可忽视的要害部位。
示例：
这篇文章的最后点出了Thanksgiving Day。这不仅是故事陈述的结果，也给读者以重要的提示。对感恩节来历常识有所了解的人都会恍然大悟。待回头再读、确定选项时，就会大大提高选中率。
In 1620, a small sailboat named the Mayflower left England for the New World. The Mayflower headed for the Jamestown colony on the warm shore of Virginia. Its one hundred passengers were the Pilgrims. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1 .
Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its 2 . The brave group of colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of Massachusetts in December 1620. It was the middle of the stern northern winter. 3 months of starvation, disease, and death were ahead of them. Only the strongest of the pilgrims 4 that winter. Many women gave their own pitiful rations to their children and died for lack of food for themselves .
Living 5 began to improve in the spring of 1621. There were wild vegetables. There were berries and fruit. Fish and game were plentiful. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in hunting and fishing. The colonists’ health 6 with the warm weather and their better diet.
In the fall, they looked back 7 the past year. They were both regretful and thankful. The price in human life and tragedy had been great, on the other hand, they saw new hope for the future. A splendid harvest was 8 them. They were ready for the second winter with confidence. They had eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter. Seven were for families, and four were for communal use. 9 , they had established a treaty of friendship with their Indian neighbors under Chief Massasoit in the summer. The woods and forests became safe. When the mayflower returned to England that summer, there were no colonists 10 .
At the end of their first year in their new home, the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a real holiday. It was their first Thanksgiving Day .
1.［A］in their own style ［B］in their own way
［C］on their own ［D］of their own
2.［A］course ［B］route ［C］passage ［D］channel
3.［A］Uncomfortable ［B］Bad ［C］Unfavourable ［D］Terrible
4.［A］passed ［B］sustained［C］survived ［D］spend
5.［A］situations ［B］environments ［C］conditions ［D］circumstances
6.［A］strengthened ［B］regained ［C］recovered ［D］improved
7.［A］in ［B］of ［C］over ［D］at
8.［A］on ［B］behind ［C］for ［D］beyond
9.［A］Best of all ［B］For the best
［C］To their best ［D］All in all
10.［A］ashore ［B］around ［C］about ［D］aboard
［参考答案］
1.［B］2.［A］3.［D］4.［C］5.［C］6.［D］7.［C］8.［B］9.［A］10.［D］
4. 前照应后，稳扎稳打。文章都有其逻辑性和连贯性。前后照应、起承转合是写文章的基本要素之一。因此，一篇文章的前文必有后语照应，在这一点上，英语、汉语是一样的。懂得了这一点，我们在做完形填空题时，有的空白处的正确选项可以从上文中找到答案，或者说将上文牢记在心里，就可以此为基础稳扎稳打，不断扩大战果。不断填补空白。
示例：
Neither kind of sleep is at all well-understood(两种睡眠均未被人们透彻了解)是其后第2空处正确选项的重要依据。因为对两种睡眠没弄清，所以应选assumed(未证实的假定)。
第3空白处的这个句子是照应第5空白处正确选项的重要依据。The purpose of．．．简直就是其后第5空白处［D］项选择(for the purpose)的先行词。
原文如下，请对照分析：
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 1 kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is 2 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of nonREM sleep is even more 3 . The new experiments, such as those 4 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 5 of non-REM sleep.
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 6 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 7 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now 8 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 9 bacterial infections of the blood, 10 their immune systems—the self-protecting mechanism against diseases—had crashed.
1.［A］Either ［B］Neither ［C］Each ［D］Any
2.［A］intended ［B］required ［C］assumed ［D］inferred
3.［A］subtle ［B］obvious ［C］mysterious ［D］doubtful
4.［A］maintained［B］described ［C］settled ［D］afforded
5.［A］in the light［B］by virtue ［C］with the exception［D］for the purpose
6.［A］reduction ［B］destruction［C］deprivation［D］restriction
7.［A］upon ［B］by ［C］through ［D］with
8.［A］paid attention to ［B］caught sight of
［C］laid emphasis on ［D］cast light on
9.［A］develop ［B］produce ［C］stimulate ［D］induce
10.［A］if ［B］as if ［C］only if ［D］if only
[参考答案]
1.［B］2.［C］3.［C］4.［B］5.［D］6.［C］7.［A］8.［D］9.［A］10.［B］5. 后照应前，柳暗花明。
有时有的空白处仅依据上文和本句不能确定唯一正确的选择。这时，可以暂且放过，不妨接着往下选。但心里应记着它，有可能在下文中找到该空白处的答案依据。等到曲径通洞天，柳暗花明时，返回再定。示例：
Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be 1 in a single large building .
The importance of interior design becomes 2 when we realize how much time we 3 surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be 4 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 5 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 6 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 8 in a business office that has the appearance of a school .
It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic 9 is the function of the particular 10 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor soundshaping qualities, and 11 few entries and exits will not work for 12 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13 . Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14 . He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 15 addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design builtin furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.
1.［A］consisted ［B］contained ［C］composed ［D］comprised
2.［A］obscure ［B］attractive ［C］appropriate ［D］evident
3.［A］spend ［B］require ［C］settle ［D］retain
4.［A］so ［B］as ［C］thus ［D］such
5.［A］some ［B］any ［C］this ［D］each
6.［A］amused ［B］interested ［C］shocked ［D］frightened
7.［A］like ［B］for ［C］at ［D］into
8.［A］correct ［B］proper ［C］right ［D］suitable
9.［A］care ［B］concern ［C］attention ［D］intention
10.［A］circumstance ［B］environment ［C］surroundings［D］space
11.［A］too ［B］quite ［C］a ［D］far
12.［A］their ［B］its ［C］those ［D］that
13.［A］painted ［B］covered ［C］ornamented ［D］decorated
14.［A］solutions ［B］conclusions ［C］decisions ［D］determinations
15.［A］For ［B］In ［C］As ［D］With
［特别提示］
第4空白处的正确选项as可由三个单词后的as possible确定，即as...as possible常用语。
第6空白处的正确选项可由其后的句意确定。
第10空白处的正确选项可由其后相隔一句来确定，而且该句中应有...for any kind of space...。其中的space就是10空白处的正确选项D。10空白处的正确答案原来就在后面的句子中。假如当初在10空白处苦思冥想，久无所获，那么当你看到答案就在后面时，岂不倒抽一口怨气!2005年完形填空的第15题也是如此情况。
［参考答案］
1.［B］2.［D］3.［A］4.［B］5.［D］6.［C］7.［A］8.［C］9.［B］10.［D］11.［A］12.［B］13.［D］14.［C］15.［B］
6. 习惯搭配，顺流而下。
英语中有许多习惯搭配使用的词组和短语。完形填空的设计者往往把这种习惯搭配的词语拆去一部分，设计为空白，以此来检查考生对英语语流、语感的反应如何。
我们在阅读短文时，要按着意群看下去，不要一个一个单词孤立地读。如果用一个“嗒”字象声词代表一个单词的话，那么要用“嗒”字的各种组合读下去，如：嗒嗒嗒……嗒嗒……嗒嗒嗒嗒。而不要：嗒——嗒——嗒——嗒。随着嗒嗒嗒的默读节奏，我们可以将词组中被拆去的部分呼唤出来。一般说来，在默读的节奏中唤回的失去部分大都是正确选项。
示例：
No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year 2001. Many books have been written 1 the future. But the 19th-century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest 2 of the word. In his fantastic novels “A Trip to the moon” and “80 Days Around the World”, he described with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter. These novels still have a great attraction 3 young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.
Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a 4 writer.
In 2001, in the home, cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touch of a switch.
Television will provide information on prices at the 5 shops as well as news and entertainment. Videophones will bring pictures as well as 6 to telephone conversations.
Machines will control temperature, lighting, entertainment, security alarms, laundry and gardening.
Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.
At work, robots will take 7 most jobs in the manufacturing industries. Working hours will fall to under 30 hours a week. Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annual holiday. Men and women will retire at the same age.
Our leisure will be different too. The home will become the center of entertainment through television and electronic games. More people will eat out in restaurants 8 they do today; also they will have a much wider variety food available. There will be a change of taste toward a more savouryflavored menu. New synthetic food will form a 9 part of people’s diets.
Foreign travel will 10 ; winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones. Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and much cheaper. Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.
1.［A］in ［B］of ［C］about ［D］for
2.［A］sense ［B］meaning ［C］detail ［D］implication
3.［A］for ［B］of ［C］on ［D］towards
4.［A］today ［B］nowadays ［C］present day［D］present
5.［A］near ［B］nearby ［C］nearly ［D］nearer
6.［A］noise ［B］sound ［C］tone ［D］tune
7.［A］to ［B］away ［C］off ［D］over
8.［A］than ［B］as ［C］when ［D］while
9.［A］usual ［B］popular ［C］daily ［D］regular
10.［A］add ［B］increase ［C］raise ［D］arise
［参考答案］
1.［C］2.［A］3.［A］4.［C］5.［B］6.［B］7.［D］8.［A］9.［D］10.［B］7. 起承转合，一鼓作气。
文章结构本身具有的连贯性，往往会为我们做完形填空题提供一连串的正确选择。一旦进入情景找到了感觉，就要一鼓作气，长驱直入，不必过多地左顾右盼，只是用眼睛扫描自己认为应该填的那个词在不在四个选项之中。这样的选择，一般准确率较高。
要达到一鼓作气，长驱直入，应注意：
(1)弄懂文章的开头句。
(2)找到文章铺叙的层次，如信号词First，Second，Third，Then，also，moreover，in addition，furthermore等。
(3)如果是论说性的文章，要抓住论点和论据。引起例证的词常有：for example，for instance，such as，或用连词for作进一步的说明。
(4)如果是故事性或说明性的文章，要抓住事情发生、发展、结局及其中事件或人物的变化。要注意人物动作的连续性和与人物职业、身份相关和相符的词汇。
(5)留心转折过渡词，让思路随文章内容起伏跌宕、纵横驰骋。常见的转折过渡词有： nevertheless，however，although，still，after all，on the other hand，instead，consequently，accordingly等。
(6)文章结尾前的信号词往往是：finally，at last，in conclusion，to sum up，in summary等。
(二) 难点突破技能
1.了解词汇使用范围的差异。
利用词汇使用范围的不同设计完形填空题是试题设计者采用的手段之一。以下试题按正确选项的字母顺序排列。
By
As industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive（） reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.
［A］from ［B］in ［C］on ［D］by
当工业巨头，如通用汽车公司和国际商业机器公司用裁减雇员人数得以维系下去的时候，基地设在威斯康星州美尔沃基的人力公司却生意兴隆。(应选［D］)
by表示用某种方式做某事。其后常接doing。by的这一用法，为难点。 其他选项均无by的这一词义。
Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its . ［A］course ［B］route ［C］passage ［D］channel
由于大风和暴雨，“五月花”迷失了航向。(应选［A］)
course 专用词义，指“航向”。
route 泛指路线，一般指陆地上行走的路线。
passage 指旅程或旅程费用
channel 海峡
decorate
For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor soundshaping qualities, and too few entries and exits will not work for its purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be .
［A］painted ［B］covered ［C］ornamented ［D］decorated例如，一个剧院不管装修得多么漂亮，但其光线弱、音响差、出入口太少等会使剧院的目的难以达到。(应选［D］)
decorate 装修。尤指房屋、房间的彻底全面的装修。
ornament 装点，装饰。多指点缀性美化，锦上添花之类的装点。
cover 掩盖，遮盖。东西一旦被covered，就看不见了。
paint 油漆。一个剧院搞得堂皇漂亮，paint恐怕难奏效。即使有，也是一个小的因素。
Impose
The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 1 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 2 by employment rules, health-care costs and pension plans.
1. ［A］but ［B］while ［C］and ［D］whereas
2. ［A］imposed ［B］restricted［C］illustrated ［D］confin
这种现象为公司提供了一条经营之道，在进行国际竞争的同时避开了市场盛衰循环的影响和雇工法规、医疗费用、养老保险等加在企业头上日益沉重的负担。
(1．应选［B］；2．应选［A］)
while在题句中是表示对比的从属连词。它引导的doing分词短语是remain的状语，表示伴随remain的一种状况。
but和whereas的意思相同，表示转折，不表示对比。二者都是并列连词。
and也不表示转折，是并列连词,2005年就考了此连词。在分词短语作状语时，其前可用连词或介词，但所用连词为从属连词，不能是并列连词。因此其他选项皆错。关于分词前可用连词和介词，是本书所强调的难点。
impose的词义之一是“强加给，硬加给，施加”。通常指有法律法规效力的强制性施加。被施加的个人或单位通常是非自愿接收状态。如：impose heavy duties on certain imported commodities(对某些进口货物施加重税)，impose a staggering burden of taxation (课以惊人的重税)。题句中提到的保障工人生活、医疗、养老而制定的法规法令都是强制企业执行的。企业则视之为burdens也是可以理解的。其他选项均无impose的这一词义可与burdens搭配使用。
In
The space shuttle, the world’s first true spaceship, is a magnificent step making the impossible possible for the benefit and survival of man.
［A］for ［B］by ［C］in ［D］through
航天飞机是世界上第一架真正的宇宙飞机。它是人类为自身的利益和生存而在变不可能为可能方面迈出的伟大的一步。(应选［C］)in 表示“在……方面”。A,B,D均无此用法。by和through表示“用”时的区别，为本书所强调的难点。by 通常指用动作、行为做某事，含有力度和“被”的意思。by后常接doing。through表示通过一个过程的含义。
Mission
Thus, when it has accomplished its , it can be ready for another trip in about two weeks.
［A］venture ［B］mission ［C］commission ［D］responsibility因此，航天飞机完成一次任务后，准备两周即可开始又一次飞行。(应选［B］)
mission 任务，使命。常和航天飞机等航天器搭配使用，也可和accomplish搭配使用。
venture 冒险；responsibility 责任；commission 委托，委任。其他选项均不与accomplish搭配使用。其中［C］是词形迷惑的设计手段，词义与句意不沾边儿。
Prevent
Too often, careless use of words a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.
［A］encourages ［B］prevents ［C］destroys ［D］offers措辞不当经常妨碍说话人和听话人之间思维的沟通。(应选［B］)
prevent 妨碍； offer 提供；encourage 鼓励； destroy摧毁。
［A］、［D］与句意相悖。［C］的语气太重。
Transform
They are needed for foods into energy and body maintenance．(1996：42)
［A］shifting ［B］transferring ［C］altering ［D］transforming
需要利用它们(维生素)将食物转变成能量，以维持身体的消耗。(应选［D］)
transform 转变，改变。指把一种形式变成另一种形式。通常指深刻、彻底的变化。可以指外表，也可以指性质、特点、功能的改变。如：the frog that was transformed into a prince(那只青蛙被变成了王子)，plans that were transformed overnight into reality(设想在一夜之间变成了现实)。同时，要注意在搭配结构上常用transform...into...的形式。
shift 常指同一类属内的改变，或较小的改变。
transfer 工作调动，迁址。常用结构为transfer from...to...。
alter常用于将衣服改一改，以便穿起来舒适，如将衣服改大或改小。还常用于再装修，如alter the bookshop into a selfservice grocery(将书店改成自选商店)。指的是在原来本体的基础上进行改变。题句中讲的是维生素本身不能提供能量，但可利用维生素将食物转变成能量。alter显然无法用于题句。
Unable
The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be to explain or describe in a way that can be understood by his listeners．
［A］obscure ［B］difficult ［C］impossible ［D］unable
说话人工作中不使用本专业的词汇，就不可能把事情说清而让自己的同行听懂。
(应选［D］)
obscure 有几个词义，其中只有一个词义可指人，即“不显赫，不出名”。题句中的 The speaker显然不能和obscure在这里连用。obscure的其他词义“难懂，模糊不清，光线暗，不引人注意”等都指事物，不指人。
题句中假如用选项［B］，只有用too difficult才能使句意说得通。impossible 通常指物，也可指人，但指人时的词义是“令人头痛的，难对付，难相处的，怪癖的”。题句中的The speaker显然不能和impossible在这里连用。
根据以上分析，只有D的用法和词义适合句意。
Unique
What makes the space shuttle is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.
［A］exceptional ［B］strange ［C］unique ［D］rare
航天飞机的独特之处是它可以像火箭一样起飞，而像飞机一样着陆。(应选［C］)s
trange 通常指不熟知的事物、外来的事物，不自然的动作、无法解释的现象等。
exceptional 指突出的人或事物，不同于一般的。但不一定就是唯一的，可以指几个或多个。
rare 少见的，少有的。但不一定是唯一的。比如：Great poems are rare；Paradise Lost is unique．(伟大的诗篇很少见，《失乐园》独具一格)
unique 指独特的，独具的，其他的人或事物不具备的，唯一的。“唯一的”是指事物具有的特点上，并不是指该事物的存在与不存在上。题句中航天飞机像火箭起飞，像飞机降落的特点是它独具的特点。
with
（ ）it，astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle capable of flying into space and returning many times．
［A］In ［B］On ［C］By ［D］With
有了航天飞机，宇航员们就有了进行工作的航天飞行器，可以一次次飞入太空并返回。(应选［D］)
with 表示使用一种东西作为工具去做某事，如write with a pen(用笔写)，eat with a fork(用叉子吃)等。
by 通常指用动作、行为做某事，含有力度和“被”的意思。by后常接doing。关于 with和by的用法区别，为本书强调的难点。A不合句意，因为it指的就是a workhouse vehicle。如果把vehicle改成space，用In倒可说得过去，但capable of flying...就没有修饰的对象了。
B不合情理。这是试题设计者利用汉语表达习惯反用而设计的迷惑项。如汉语说“在天上”，英语则要说“in the sky”。
2. 搭配词组及其扩展。
英语中的搭配词组有很多，是英语表现力丰富多彩的重要因素之一。其中有的词组不可变动，不能插入其他成分，如long before，in addition，or so等，而有的可以变化，可以插入其他成分，如on occasion→on every possible occasion，on this happy occasion；in a sense→in the fullest sense，in all senses等。我们不仅要记牢那些不可变的词组，还应掌握可变的词组。完形填空的设计者往往利用可变的词组来测试考生掌握词汇的灵活程度和语感的流畅性。
注 :以下试题按正确选项词组的字母顺序排列。
